MEMAHAMI KARAKTERISTIK AYAT-AYAT MAKKIYAH DAN MADANIYYAH DALAM PERSPEKTIF AHLI TAFSIR (Al-Zarkasyi, Jalaluddin Al-Suyuti dan Manna Al-Qaththan)

Abstract

Al-Quran was revealed with different backgrounds. From this information, the previous scholars divided the places where the Koran was revealed into two types, namely Makkiyah and Madaniyyah both in terms of geography, pronunciation, goals and meaning. The commentator is a muffassir who is famous for his works. One of his works is entitled Al-Burhan Fii Ulum Al-Quran (Al-Zarkasyi), Al-Itqan Fi Ulumil Quran (Jalaluddin Al-Suyuti) and Mabahits Fi Ulumil Quran (Manna Al-Qaththan) which describes the characteristics of Makkiyah and Madaniyyah verses in the perspective of commentators (Al-Zarkasyi, Jalaluddin Al-Suyuti, and Manna Al-Qaththan). This article intends to find out the characteristics of Makkiyah and Madaniyyah verses from the perspective of commentators. This article aims to find out the characteristics of Makkiyah and Madaniyyah verses from the perspective of commentators. The research method in this paper is descriptive qualitative. The data collection technique used is to collect primary and secondary data sources such as translations of books from commentators in pdf format, as well as relevant journals. The results and conclusions in this study are that the three commentators have different views regarding the characteristics of Makkiyah and Madaniyyah verses. Al-Zarkasyi was of the view that he emphasized the characteristics of the Makkiyah and Madaniyyah verses based on the sound of the words "Ya Ayyuhan nas", "Ya ayyuhal ladzina amanu", "Kalla" and so on. Jalaluddin Al-Suyuti's view in his book, the characteristics of Makkiyah and Madaniyyah verses by looking at the aspects of food, time and verse content. Manna Al-Qaththan gives the same view as Al-Zarkasyi and is added by looking at the style of language conveyed in the verse. The views of these three commentators are at the same time a comparison in the characteristics of the Makkiyah and Madaniyyah verses.