PERADABAN ISLAM PASCA NABI SAW: Studi Kepemimpinan Abu Bakar Dan Umar Perspektif Good Governance
Abstract
This paper discusses civilization—life—Islam after the death of the Prophet Muhammad, by focusing on Islamic civilization during the caliphate of Abu Bakr and Umar. The research uses descriptive-qualitative methods, and is included in library research. From the studies conducted, it can be seen that Islamic civilization during the caliphate of Abu Bakr and Umar experienced rapid progress. The success of the two cannot be separated from the principles of good governance that are carried out, taking into account aspects of syra or deliberation, al-'adālah or justice, al-musāwah or egalitarianism (equality), al-mas'ūliyyah or responsibility, and al-ĥurriyyah or freedom. The success achieved by Abu Bakr and Umar, was not achieved in an easy way. The obstacles that come—both from internal and external to Muslims—can be handled well by both of them. However, in carrying out the principles of good governance, it can also be seen that Abu Bakr tends to be "aggressive-affirmative" and Umar bin Khattab tends to be "negotiable-reconstructive."
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