TINJAUAN FIKIH TENTANG HUKUM MEMBACA AL-QUR’AN BAGI WANITA YANG HAID DAN NIFAS

Abstract

This article discusses the definition of menstruation and its related laws from the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence. Menstruation, according to Imam Abu Syujâ’, is blood that comes out of a healthy woman other than due to childbirth, distinguished from nifas and istihâdhah. The limits of the duration of menstruation, nifas, and the period of purity between menstruation are explained in detail, including the minimum age limit for menstruation and the duration of pregnancy. Next, the article explains eight things that are forbidden for menstruating women, such as prayer, fasting, reading the Qur'an, touching the Mushhaf, entering the mosque, tawaf, sexual intercourse, and enjoying with certain body parts. The main focus of this study is the law of reading the Qur'an for menstruating and postpartum women, which shows differences of opinion among scholars. The Shafi'i school (Imam An-Nawāwi and Imam Ar-Rāfi'i) forbids reading the Qur'an for menstruating or postpartum women, while the Maliki school (Imam Ibn Qudamah and Imam As-Sāwi) permits it, provided it is for the purposes of teaching and learning or maintaining memorization of the Qur'an. This difference arises due to varying interpretations of the hadith regarding the prohibition of reading the Qur'an for menstruating and junub women. In conclusion, the law on reading the Qur'an by menstruating women is contextual and depends on the purpose and the school of thought followed.